Finger Mucous Cyst
Definition
This is a benign swelling appearing on the dorsal side of the joint at the end of the finger (distal interphalangeal joint), near the nail matrix (the structure under the skin that produces the nail). The main risk is its rupture with infection of the underlying joint.
What are the causes?
It is often caused by osteoarthritis (cartilage degeneration) of the underlying joint.
What are the symptoms?
This cyst can be more or less translucent. It may cause aesthetic discomfort or pain. When it compresses the nail matrix, the nail may be deformed, and this deformation may or may not be reversible after surgery.
What tests may be requested?
An X-ray is usually requested to assess the condition of the underlying joint.
How is this condition treated?
Surgical treatment will be systematically offered given the risk of infection, sometimes including skin coverage of the excision area by a local «flap» in addition to the excision itself. After simple excision, there is no immobilization but local care to be done for 10 to 15 days. In case of advanced osteoarthritis of the underlying joint, an associated joint procedure either at the same time or secondarily may be offered.
What are the risks of the procedure?
Risks inherent to any surgery:
complex regional pain syndrome (formerly known as «algoneurodystrophic syndrome»): the hand becomes red, warm, swollen, and painful with persistent «electric» pain. This syndrome can last several months
osteoarticular infection
wound dehiscence
Recurrence of the cyst, in case of progression or persistence of the underlying osteoarthritis.